Air War
Germany: French bombers attack Karlsruhe (266 civilian casualties). Public outcry for protection across Germany.
Western FrontÂ: Royal Flying Corps observers engage 198 targets (16 on June 23); 22 AngloÂ-German air combats.
Western Front
Flanders: Narrow German penetration of British trenches at Givenchy.
Verdun: Germans introduce new phosgene (Green Cross) gas near Fleury. French gains at Fumin Chenois woods. Unsuccessful German attack on Hill 329.
Secret War
French agent David Bloch parachuted into Alsace in uniform, arrested on June 28, shot near Mulhouse on August 1.