Year 1915

Diary for Saturday, July 24, 1915: Sea War Atlantic: Q-ship Prince Charles sinks U36. Western Front Vosges: La Fontenelle­-Laanois position stormed by French troops. Eastern Front Baltic Provinces: Charge by […]

Diary for Friday, July 23, 1915: Air War Austria: Italian Caproni bombers bomb Innsbruck. Eastern Front Poland: Gallwitz storms Rozan and Pultusk fortress bridgeheads and crosses Narew (until July 25),

Diary for Thursday, July 22, 1915: Western Front Argonne: French advance near Bagatelle, Joffre sacks Sarrail from Third Army; Humbert replaces him for duration. Alsace: German counterattack near Metzeral. Neutrals

Diary for Wednesday, July 21, 1915: Eastern Front Conrad urges Burian to keep separate peace with Russia in view (and on August 6) but no Russian interest. Poland: Woyrsch besieges

Diary for Tuesday, July 20, 1915: Sea War North Sea: British submarine C27 towed by Q-ship Princess Louise torpedoes and sinks U23 (Schulthess). Western Front Alsace: French advance toward Munster

Diary for Monday, July 19, 1915: Air War Western Front: Guynemer’s first victory (of 54) with gunner Guerder (wounded), an Aviatik near Soissons. Promoted to sergeant and awarded Medaille Militaire.

Diary for Sunday, July 18, 1915: Southern Fronts Second Battle of the Isonzo (­until August 3): Italian Second and Third Armies (260 battalions against 129 Austrian battalions with 462 guns)

Diary for Saturday, July 17, 1915: Eastern Front Russian Corps report: ‘Superhuman efforts were required to keep the men in the trenches’. Middle East Gallipoli – Helles bridgehead: GOC VIII

Diary for Friday, July 16, 1915: Western Front Aisne: German attack near Fontenoy. Lorraine: German attack in Parroy Forest. Eastern Front Poland: Austrian first Army crosses river Bug. Sea War

Diary for Thursday, July 15, 1915: Air War Western Front: About 12 Fokker EI’s in use. Western Front BEF has now 7 companies of special gas troops. Argonne: French repulse

Diary for Wednesday, July 14, 1915: Southern Fronts Montenegro: Montenegrins repulse Austrian attack at Grahovo. Western Front Haig discovers King has lost confidence in Field Marshal French (Monarch tells CoS

Diary for Tuesday, July 13, 1915: Western Front Argonne: Germans (including gas shell) make transient gains at Vienne-le-Chateau and La Fille Morte, but French Third Army casualties since 20 June

Diary for Monday, July 12, 1915: Middle East Gallipoli – Helles bridgehead: 12,748 Allied soldiers take a few trenches and 600 prisoners until next day for 3,900 casualties; British 155th

Diary for Sunday, July 11, 1915: Sea War East Africa: German light cruiser Königsberg disabled in Rufiji river after 90­min shelling by British monitors Mersey and Severn with Farman spotter

Diary for Saturday, July 10, 1915: Middle East Armenia – Battle of Malazgirt (until July 26): Oganovski’s advance (until July 16) reversed by Abdul Kerim‘s 5-division counter­attack (July 20-26) and

Diary for Friday, July 9, 1915: African Fronts GERMAN SOUTHWEST AFRICA SURRENDERS. Officers retain swords and paroled, NCOs and men interned. Paroled reservists allowed back to farms. South Africa annexes

Diary for Thursday, July 8, 1915: Middle East Gallipoli: Liman refuses to return to Constantinople, postpones Enver-suggested handover to Goltz from June 26. Western Front Vosges: French recapture Hill 627

Diary for Wednesday, July 7, 1915: Western Front Joffre tells Allied conference at Chantilly that simultaneous attack on all four fronts would be the best strategy. Artois: French advance at

Diary for Tuesday, July 6, 1915: Western Front Entire BEF now equipped with sack-like ‘Hypo Helmet‘, a crude counter-measure against tear gas (T-Stoff) shells. Flanders: Kitchener visits the front until

Diary for Monday, July 5, 1915: Southern Fronts Isonzo: Italian Second and Third Armies attack from 1800 hours on whole line from Podgora to Doberdo Plateau (Carso) with 6:1 superiority,